What can be done with the Semantic Web? An overview of Watson-based applications

Thanks to the huge efforts deployed in the community for creating, building and generating semantic information for the Semantic Web, large amounts of machine processable knowledge are now openly available. Watson is an infrastructure component for the Semantic Web, a gateway that provides the necessary functions to support applications in using the Semantic Web. In this paper, we describe a number of applications relying on Watson, with the purpose of demonstrating what can be achieved with the Semantic Web nowadays and what sort of new, smart and useful features can be derived from the exploitation of this large, distributed and heterogeneous base of semantic information

Investigating the Role of Glucocorticoids in Mediating Dopamine-dependent Cue-reward Learning

The way individuals respond to their surrounding environment can be advantageous or deleterious to survival. Importantly, individuals vary in their response to discrete environmental cues and this variation may be a key determinant of psychopathology. The ability of previously neutral cues to promote aberrant behavior is a hallmark of several psychiatric disorders including, addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder, eating disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Thus, it is important to uncover the neural mechanisms by which such cues are able to attain inordinate control and promote psychopathological behavior. This dissertation will address the role of glucocorticoids in the attribution of incentive value to cues, a psychological process that transforms such cues into powerful motivators of behavior, that may be adaptive/ maladaptive. Additionally, it will focus on the relationship between glucocorticoids and dopamine, the latter of which is critical to the process of incentive salience attribution. Glucocorticoids are primarily recognized as the main hormone secreted in response to stress but are known to exert their effects across the body and the brain, and to affect learning and memory, cognition, and reward-related behaviors, among other things. Our understanding of this hormone in incentive learning stems from work demonstrating differences in peripheral levels of glucocorticoids in rats that learn a predictive cue-reward association (goal-trackers) compared to those that also attribute incentive value to the cue (sign-trackers). However, whether these differences pertained to differences in stress-responsivity was unknown. In Chapter 2, we assessed neuroendocrine and behavioral profiles associated with negative valence in male rats that show a preference for incentive learning (sign-trackers), compared to those that purely learn the cue-reward association (goal-trackers). We found that they do not differ in negative valence indices; rather differences in neuroendocrine measures, like glucocorticoids, can be attributed to distinct cue-reward learning styles. In Chapter 3, we studied whether pharmacological alterations in glucocorticoid levels prior to training affected the goal- and sign-tracking tendencies of male and female rats. We found that, in males, elevated levels of glucocorticoids promote incentive learning, whereas in females there is an attenuation that is reversed when treatment is removed. Finally, in chapter 4, we captured peripheral and brain levels of glucocorticoids and dopamine, specifically within the nucleus accumbens shell of male and female goal- and sign-trackers. Glucocorticoids and dopamine differed based on sex and preferred cue-reward learning strategies; but no significant relationship was found between accumbens glucocorticoids and dopamine. Collectively, these studies serve as evidence for a role of glucocorticoids, beyond negative valence systems, and in particular in cue-reward learning. It appears that while glucocorticoids influence the propensity to attribute incentive value to reward cues, the state under which they are acting may impact their interaction with dopamine and subsequent influence on behavior. This work will serve as a foundation for future studies probing the role of glucocorticoids in cue-motivated behaviors relevant to psychopathology.PHDNeuroscienceUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/166147/1/sofialop_1.pd

Intervención farmacéutica en la detección de un trastorno de síndrome de piernas inquietas

Sexo: mujer. Edad: 72 años. Patología: diabetes tipo 2. Tratamiento: insulina glargina e insulina glulisina y también con hipolipemiantes (ezetimiba y atorvastatina 10 mg)

Cognition, Emotion and Behaviour: Addressing the Relationship Between Executive Functions and Decision-Making

Executive functions are a complex and heterogeneous group of concepts that refer to a set of diverse cognitive abilitiessuch as working memory, cognitive flexibility, planification, reasoning, problem-solving and inhibition. Moreover, decision-making maybe described as a pattern that a person uses when he or she is facing a situation where they must lean towards an option: people tendto choose one or another option considering the risks and benefits these options offer. There is evidence supporting that executivefunctions are associated with the way people make their decisions. The main aim of the present study is to review and update theseconcepts reporting evidence from the literature on the association between the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects of decisionmaking.Fil: Gonzalez Aguilar, Maria Josefina. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez Lopez, Sofia. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Lynch, Sofia. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Mennella, Paula. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Alba Ferrara, Lucia M. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche. Unidad Ejecutora de Estudios en Neurociencias y Sistemas Complejos. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital Alta Complejidad en Red El Cruce Dr. Néstor Carlos Kirchner Samic. Unidad Ejecutora de Estudios en Neurociencias y Sistemas Complejos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Unidad Ejecutora de Estudios en Neurociencias y Sistemas Complejos; Argentin

Political economy of labor organization in post-revolution Egypt

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-114).The last decade in Egypt has witnessed significant innovations in the structure of social organizations spurred by the fraying of central government legitimacy. Within this dense network of new social actors independent labor unions have emerged as some of the more innovative groups, commanding material assurances and institutional change from firms and on occasion central and municipal governments. Understanding how this happens entails a historical view of Egypt's political economy, and the changes engendered by a succession of leaders beginning in 1952. The Nasser leadership in many ways constituted a reaction to the dynamics of colonialism, though much of Egypt's history since has been similarly premised on negotiating relationships with foreign creditors and domestic demands. In the face of these complex relationships there are and have been a set of local actors successfully making claims and influencing the state in spite of the popular reading of an ironclad regime, impervious to social influence. Building on labor action and social movement theory, the limitations to the sites and kinds of institutional change enacted by workers are clear. Nonetheless, in Egypt these groups are acting in new and surprising ways, defying assumptions about group identity, building strategic partnerships with related religious and pro-democratic organizations, and exerting pressure on a variety of state institutions. This thesis seeks to understand the strategic choices these unions are employing in recruitment, negotiation, and direct action and in particular their relationships to other movements.by Sofia Alejandra Lopez.M.C.P

Hierarchical boundary element method based on the Barnes-Hut tree applied to exterior creeping flow

En este trabajo se exponen un método de elementos de borde en una variante jerárquica y su empleo en flujo de Stokes alrededor de cuerpos rígidos tridimensionales en régimen estacionario. La propuesta se basa en el algoritmo jerárquico de bajo orden descendente y autoadaptativo de Barnes-Hut, que se emplea junto con una formulación integral de contorno indirecta y de segunda clase cuyo término fuente es función de la velocidad no perturbada. El campo solución es la densidad superficial de capa doble modificada para completar el espectro de autovalores del operador integral. De esta manera, los modos rígidos son eliminados y se pueden representar una fuerza y una cupla no nulas sobre el cuerpo. Los elementos son triángulos planos de bajo orden y se emplea una resolución iterativa mediante residuo mínimo generalizado (GMRES) sin precondicionamiento. Los ejemplos numéricos incluyen casos con soluciones analíticas, cuerpos con aristas y vértices o con formas intrincadas. La ventaja principal de la técnica desarrollada se halla en la posibilidad de considerar un número de grados de libertad mayor respecto a los que pueden emplearse con los métodos de colocación al centroide más tradicionales, debido a la disminución de la demanda de memoria primaria y de los tiempos de cómputo.In this work, a hierarchical variant of a boundary element method and its use in Stokes flow around three-dimensional rigid bodies in steady regime is presented. The proposal is based on the descending hierarchical low-order and self-adaptive algorithm of Barnes-Hut, and it is used in conjunction with an indirect boundary integral formulation of second class, whose source term is a function of the undisturbed velocity. The solution field is the double layer surface density, which is modified in order to complete the eigenvalue spectrum of the integral operator. In this way, the rigid modes are eliminated and both a non-zero force and a non-null torque on the body could be calculated. The elements are low order flat triangles, and an iterative solution by generalized minimal residual (GMRES) is used. Numerical examples include cases with analytical solutions, bodies with edges and vertices, or with intricate shapes. The main advantage of the presented technique is the possibility of considering a greater number of degrees of freedom regarding traditional collocation methods, due to the decreased demand of main memory and the reduction in the computation times.Fil: Sarraf, Sofia Soledad. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Mecánica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones En Metodos Computacionales. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Centro de Investigaciones En Metodos Computacionales; ArgentinaFil: D'elia, Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química; ArgentinaFil: Battaglia, Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química; Argentina. Universidad Tecnologica Nacional; ArgentinaFil: Lopez, Ezequiel Jose. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Mecánica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Structural and Electrical Investigation of Cobalt-Doped NiOx/Perovskite Interface for Efficient Inverted Solar Cells

Inorganic hole-transporting materials (HTMs) for stable and cheap inverted perovskite-based solar cells are highly desired. In this context, NiOx, with low synthesis temperature, has been employed. However, the low conductivity and the large number of defects limit the boost of the efficiency. An approach to improve the conductivity is metal doping. In this work, we have synthesized cobalt-doped NiOx nanoparticles containing 0.75, 1, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mol% cobalt (Co) ions to be used for the inverted planar perovskite solar cells. The best efficiency of the devices utilizing the low temperature-deposited Co-doped NiOx HTM obtained a champion photoconversion efficiency of 16.42%, with 0.75 mol% of doping. Interestingly, we demonstrated that the improvement is not from an increase of the conductivity of the NiOx film, but due to the improvement of the perovskite layer morphology. We observe that the Co-doping raises the interfacial recombination of the device but more importantly improves the perovskite morphology, enlarging grain size and reducing the density of bulk defects and the bulk recombination. In the case of 0.75 mol% of doping, the beneficial effects do not just compensate for the deleterious one but increase performance further. Therefore, 0.75 mol% Co doping results in a significant improvement in the performance of NiOx-based inverted planar perovskite solar cells, and represents a good compromise to synthesize, and deposit, the inorganic material at low temperature, without losing the performance, due to the strong impact on the structural properties of the perovskite. This work highlights the importance of the interface from two different points of view, electrical and structural, recognizing the role of a low doping Co concentration, as a key to improve the inverted perovskite-based solar cells’ performance

Challenges for Corporate Governance at the National and Firm Levels

Peer reviewedPostprin

Revictimización de víctimas de violencia sexual, en la UGELES de la Región San Martin, 2015-2021

El presente trabajo de investigación, tiene por objeto determinar las revictimizaciones que estas sufriendo las víctimas de violencia sexual en las UGELES de la Región San Martín, con población de estudio se consideró, La Unidad de Gestión Educativa Local de Mariscal Cáceres, Unidad de Gastón Educativa Local de San Martin y La Unidad de Gestión Educativa de Moyobamba. Cuyo tipo de investigación aplicada al presente es descriptivo, correlacional. El enfoque que se presenta es cuantitativo. Como diseño de la investigación es no experimental, corte trasversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por cinco trabajadores de las UGELES, y 10 expedientes de los mismo que sirvió para la recolección de datos. Posteriormente a la recolección y procesamiento de datos, se realizó el correspondiente análisis, conllevando a la captación la hipótesis nula y la afectación de la hipótesis alternativa